Coating composition



.i-iuNirspf;.sTATEs PATENT OFFICE i i I 2.32am -V Balsa, du Pont de Ncmourl 'Del., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application Fllnalilicli allignortolt.

,Wilmingto July s, 1940,

Serial No. 345,178

. rative coating compositions and more particulariy to compositions in which the pigment is primarilycalcined vermiculite.

It is therefore an object of this invention to produce new and useful pigmented coating compositions using calcined vermiculite which results ina relatively low cost. It is also an object of this invention to produce pigmented coating compositions which have excellent resistance against chipping and cracking and also have a rapid drying rate.

or 260-22) it It is a still further object of this invention to produce compositions which not only dry rapidly j but so dowithout'lifting when subsequent coats of lacquers or enamels are applied. This object is accomplished even though the pigment-binder for lacquers which offer better anchorage for the.

top coat than has been hitherto possible without the use of silica or similar coarse pigments. An-

other object of the invention is to produce under.- coats which bake to a hard film at comparatively high buflds and which have a smooth surface texture without sanding and do not materially reduce the gloss of subsequent lacquer or enamel finishes. Other objects will appear as the scription of the invention proceeds.

These objects are accomplished by incorporatingcalcined vermiculite, alone or with other pigment combinations in a suitable vehicle. The calcined vermiculite pigment is prepared by heating it at least to a temperature which is sumshouldform a substantial part of the pigment pigment-binder ratio. Forother usesa low pi'gment-binder ratio may be used, and it will be found that the pigment herein disclosed is well suited for this type of composition. The following examples illustrate but do not limit certain embodiments of the invention.

Exmui 1 Primer-summer Parts by weight Resin A solution 26.4 vermiculite (calcined)' 13.2 Blanc flxe 24.0 Titanium dioxide 7.0 High solvency petroleum naphtha 29.0 Lead naphthenate solution (16% Pb) .2 Manganese naphthenate solution (3% Mn) .2

100.0 Exams: 2

Primer g Parts by weight Varnish A 45.5 vermiculite (calcined). 20.0 Whiting 20.0 Lamp black- 5.0 Oleum spirits a 9.0' Iron' naphthenate solution (6% Fe) .5

. 100.0- The calcined vermiculite for the above compositions was obtained through calcination of vermiculite at 600 C. for one. hour in a rotary calciner.

Resin A solution, used in Example 1,'is an oil modified alkydresin and was formed from the following ingredients, using the proportions indicated:

rosin varnish and was formed from the following ingredients, using the proportions indicated:

" Per cent Rosin n I 14-.ca Calcium hydrate"... .60 Tun: nil v 35.21 I Mineral spirits- 49.21

100.00 The lead naphthenate solution contains 16% Pb. The manganese naphthenate solutioncontains 3% Mn. The iron naphthenate solution contains6%Fe..

The coating compositions set forth above, as

well as other coating compositions falling within the 56.09 of the present invention, are prepared by grinding or dispersing the pigment combinatfons with the resin or varnish in the presence oi suflicient solvent to provide a consistency suited to the dispersing device used. After dispersion,

the paint is reduced to application consistency with additional solvent. The naphthenate drier may be added at any desired point in the prepacalcium silicates, or other basic pigments, in

combination with calcined vermiculite, falls within the scope of this invention.

The polyhydric alcohol-polybasic acid resin referred to above may be made in any well known manner as, for example, by heating the ingredients at any suitable temperature above the melting point of the materials until resiniflcation is complete. If desired, refluxing or partial refluxing may be resorted to or the operation may be carried out at elevated or reduced pressures.

In general, it is advisable to maintain the acid number of the resin at the lowest possible value and this is usually accomplished by increasing the temperature or the period of heating, but stopping before the gel point is reached. The allowable range, of-acid numbers will vary with the type of pigments used. With chemically active pigments, like zinc oxide or basic carbonate white lead, the acid number should preferably-be below 20. With chemically inert pigments, the

7 question of acid number is not as important.

By the .term modified polyhydric alcoholpolybasic acid resin, as used herein, I mean the resinous condensation product resulting from the mixtures of one or more of these modifying mented with calcined vermiculite and fall within the scope of this invention.

The varnish referred to above may be made by heating the ingredients at any suitable temperature above the melting point of the ingredients until a homogeneous product of the desired dry and physical properties is obtained. If desired, the gum may be run first or the oil may be bodied, as the case may be.

The term resin" is used herein to include a natural resin, like rosin, Congo, East India, damar, etc., or a synthetic or semi-synthetic resinous product, like Bakelite, Amberol," indene, chlorinated rubber, cellulose esters or ether, etc. The term oil" includes drying oils, semi-drying oils, synthetic drying oils, as well as products of an oily nature which are'suitable plasticizers for the above resins.

I iound that, tor the purpose I this invention,

any manner known to the art; ,for example, by

where an oil vehicle is used, optimum results are obtainedwherethe oil-resin ratio does not fall below 35% oil to 65% resin and does notexceed 70% oil to 30% resin, although a higher oil content or even a straight oil without resin falls 0H2 (MgFB) 3(SlA1F6) 401041- are calcined at or above a temperature which is suflicient to drive out part of or all of the water of composition and the water of crystallization,

but not high enough to fuse the resulting product. I found that calcination temperatures between 600 C. and 750 C. produce compounds with the optimum properties.

The advantages which flow from the use of calcined vermiculites are that they have increased weatherability with organic liquids usually used f in paints. They also are easier to grind, increase the drying potential of paints and increase the touchness and the adhesion of the films to the substrates. The adhesion of enamel and lacquer top coats to the undercoats is also increased by the use of calcined vermiculite in the undercoats.

It is apparent that many widely different embodiments of this invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope thereof and, therefore, it is not intended to be limited except as indicated in the appended claims. i

I claim:

1. A pigmented coating composition comprising a vehicle consisting of organic film-formin material which on drying yields a resinous film and a plurality of pigments, said composition containing anhydrous calcined vermiculite which has been calcined at 600 C. to 750 C. in the amount of 26 to 60 per cent ofv the total pigment in the said composition.- 7

2. The composition of claim 1 in which the vehicle contains a drying oil. p

3. The composition-of claim 1 in which the vehicle contains a drying oil and a resin.

4. The composition of claim 1 in which the vehicle contains an alkyd resin modified with a drying oil.

5. The composition of claim 1 in which the vehicle contains an oil and a resin in the ratio of between 35 and 70 parts of oil to 65 and 30 parts of resin.

6. A coating composition comprising an oil modified alkyd resin, vermiculite calcined at 600 C. to 750! 0., other pigment, solvent, and drier.

7. A coating composition having the approximate following composition:

Per cent Oil modified alkyd resin solution (about 58% solids) 26.4 vermiculite (calcined at 600 to 750 C.) 13.2 Blane fixe 24.0 Titanium dioxide 7.0 High solvency petroleum naphtha 29.0 Lead naphthenate solution (16% Pb) .2 Manganese naphthenate solution (3% Mn) .2

LADISLAUS BALASSA. 

